人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)是指用于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員進出設備(bei)以便安裝(zhuang)、檢(jian)修(xiu)和安全檢(jian)查的(de)(de)開(kai)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)結(jie)構(gou)。主要(yao)(yao)由短筒節(jie)（或(huo)短管(guan)）、法蘭和帶把手的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋組成。從安全檢(jian)查考慮(lv)，壓力容器要(yao)(yao)求開(kai)設的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)數及其小尺寸(cun)見“檢(jian)查孔(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有碳鋼(gang)和不(bu)銹鋼(gang)。按(an)受(shou)(shou)壓情況人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為(wei)常(chang)壓和受(shou)(shou)壓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)；按(an)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為(wei)圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)、橢(tuo)圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)和矩(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)僅(jin)適用于(yu)常(chang)壓設備(bei)；按(an)安裝(zhuang)位置人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為(wei)水平和垂直安裝(zhuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋固定(ding)方(fang)式有迥轉蓋和吊蓋；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)開(kai)后速度(du)有普通式和快開(kai)式，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)結(jie)構(gou)和尺寸(cun)一般都已標準化，可參照有關手冊選(xuan)用或(huo)設計。