人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)是指用(yong)(yong)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)員進出設備(bei)以便安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、檢(jian)修和(he)安(an)全檢(jian)查(cha)的(de)開(kai)孔(kong)結構。主要由短筒節（或短管）、法(fa)蘭和(he)帶把手(shou)的(de)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)蓋組成。從安(an)全檢(jian)查(cha)考(kao)慮，壓力容器要求(qiu)開(kai)設的(de)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)數(shu)及其小尺寸(cun)見“檢(jian)查(cha)孔(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)材(cai)料有碳(tan)鋼和(he)不銹鋼。按受(shou)壓情況人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)分(fen)為常(chang)壓和(he)受(shou)壓人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)；按形狀人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)分(fen)為圓形、橢圓形和(he)矩形人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)，矩形人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)僅適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)常(chang)壓設備(bei)；按安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)位(wei)置人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)分(fen)為水平和(he)垂直(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)；人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)蓋固定方式(shi)有迥轉(zhuan)蓋和(he)吊蓋；人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)開(kai)后(hou)速度有普通式(shi)和(he)快開(kai)式(shi)，人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)結構和(he)尺寸(cun)一般都已標準化，可參照有關手(shou)冊選用(yong)(yong)或設計(ji)。