人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)是(shi)指用于人(ren)(ren)員進(jin)出(chu)設備以便(bian)安(an)(an)裝、檢修和安(an)(an)全檢查(cha)的開孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構。主要由短筒節（或短管(guan)）、法蘭(lan)和帶把手(shou)(shou)的人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)組成。從安(an)(an)全檢查(cha)考慮，壓力容器(qi)要求開設的人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)數及(ji)其小尺(chi)寸見(jian)“檢查(cha)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)材料(liao)有碳鋼(gang)和不銹鋼(gang)。按(an)受壓情況人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為(wei)常壓和受壓人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；按(an)形(xing)狀(zhuang)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為(wei)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)、橢圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)和矩形(xing)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩形(xing)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適用于常壓設備；按(an)安(an)(an)裝位置人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為(wei)水平和垂直安(an)(an)裝人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)固定方(fang)式(shi)有迥轉蓋(gai)和吊蓋(gai)；人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)開后速度有普通(tong)式(shi)和快開式(shi)，人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構和尺(chi)寸一般都已(yi)標準化，可參(can)照有關手(shou)(shou)冊選用或設計(ji)。